Institutionalisation gap in emergency service agility: a typology and intervention model from instrumental case analysis

Jurnal Riset Tindakan Indonesia October 21, 2026 Volume 11, Number 2 4 authors

Abstract

Agile governance research has largely focused on digital and administrative services, whereas the organisational institutionalisation of agile governance in emergency service delivery remains under-researched. This research was conducted as the diagnosing phase of an action research cycle at the Semarang City Fire Department, Indonesia. Data were drawn from two focus group discussions, interviews with five partner agencies, structured field observation, and organisational documents covering 2021–2025. Twelve manifestations across four agile governance dimensions were assessed against three institutionalisation criteria: formal basis, routinisation, and feedback-driven adjustment. Although response time compliance reached 100 per cent in 2025, this was achieved against a target revised downward to 89.45 per cent. None of the manifestations satisfied all three criteria: six constituted administrative agility, being documented but not yet subject to feedback; four constituted improvisational agility, relying on individual discretion; and two had yet to emerge. The Command Center 112 emergency call centre consolidated report intake but held no command authority. Drawing on institutional theory, this research proposes the concept of an institutionalisation gap, a typology distinguishing improvisational, administrative, and institutionalised agility, and an intervention model grounded in codified authority, routinised learning, and shared operational information. These are operationalised as a three-cycle action roadmap and four propositions for multi-case testing.

Authors

  1. Helwani Helwani

    Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri

  2. Fernandes Simangunsong

    Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri

  3. Afif Syarifudin Yahya

    Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri

  4. Wiwit Yuhita Effendi

    Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri

Keywords

Agile governanceEmergency servicesFire and rescue serviceInstitutionalisation gapLocal government

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