Studi eksploratif praktik pedagogi multisensori dalam pembelajaran keyboard bagi siswa tunanetra

Lentera Negeri November 02, 2026 Volume 7, Number 1 3 authors

Abstract

Pembelajaran keyboard bagi siswa tunanetra memerlukan adaptasi pedagogis yang memungkinkan akses terhadap informasi musikal dan orientasi instrumen tanpa bergantung pada demonstrasi visual. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi praktik pedagogis multisensori dalam pembelajaran keyboard bagi siswa tunanetra serta mengidentifikasi pola keterhubungan praktik tersebut berdasarkan pengalaman pembelajaran di lapangan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus eksploratif di SLB-A Karya Murni Medan pada Januari–Maret 2025. Partisipan terdiri atas dua instruktur keyboard dan delapan siswa tunanetra berusia 10–16 tahun, yang mencakup lima siswa buta total dan tiga siswa dengan penglihatan lemah. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif selama 16 sesi pembelajaran dalam delapan minggu, wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan instruktur, siswa, dan orang tua atau wali, serta dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña melalui kondensasi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan dan verifikasi kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi empat pola praktik pedagogis yang saling berhubungan, yaitu pengalaman auditori (Hearing-Auditory), penjelasan verbal-konseptual (Talk-Conceptual), eksplorasi taktil-kinestetik (Tactile-Kinesthetic), serta imitasi dan reproduksi musikal melalui integrasi berbagai pengalaman sensoris (Multi-Sensory Imitation). Keempat pola tersebut disintesiskan setelah analisis data lapangan ke dalam kerangka pedagogis HATT-MS. Praktik pembelajaran menunjukkan bahwa instruktur mengombinasikan dan menyesuaikan dukungan auditori, verbal, dan taktil sesuai kebutuhan siswa, termasuk mengurangi bantuan secara bertahap selama proses reproduksi musikal. Penelitian ini menghasilkan HATT-MS sebagai kerangka pedagogis empiris-kontekstual untuk mengorganisasikan praktik pembelajaran keyboard nonvisual bagi siswa tunanetra. Kerangka ini memberikan perspektif untuk memahami keterhubungan berbagai modalitas dalam praktik instruksional, tetapi belum dimaksudkan sebagai model universal yang telah terbukti efektivitasnya.

Authors

  1. Herna Hirza

    Universitas Negeri Medan

  2. Lanang Riyadi

    Universitas Negeri Medan

  3. Suharyanto Suharyanto

    Universitas Negeri Medan

Keywords

Pedagogi multisensoriPembelajaran keyboardSiswa tunanetraPendidikan musik inklusifStudi eksploratif

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