How do physical fitness, nutritional status, and self-concept affect student learning outcomes in physical education with a focus on health and hygiene education?

Jurnal Konseling dan Pendidikan September 15, 2024 Volume 12, Number 3 4 authors

Abstract

This study explores how physical fitness, nutritional status, and self-concept influence Physical Education (PE) learning outcomes at State Junior High School 13 Padang. Using a quantitative correlational approach, the research involved 58 students sampled from a population of 160. Data were gathered through physical fitness tests, Body Mass Index (BMI) measurements, self-concept questionnaires, and final PE grades. The results revealed that physical fitness contributes 5.18%, nutritional status contributes 6.78%, and self-concept contributes 9.33% to PE learning outcomes. Together, these factors explain 21.07% of the variance in students' PE performance. The analysis showed that each of these variables plays a significant role in shaping students' success in PE. To address the issues identified and enhance learning outcomes, the study recommends increasing the number of PE class hours, introducing school-based nutritional programs to improve students' diets, and developing initiatives to boost students' self-esteem and motivation. By focusing on these areas, schools can better support students' physical and psychological well-being, leading to improved educational outcomes in PE. This approach aims to provide a more holistic improvement in students' physical education, addressing both physical and mental aspects to foster better overall performance. Further research could examine the effectiveness of these interventions and their impact on broader educational goals.

Authors

  1. Rika Sepriani

    Universitas Negeri Padang

  2. Yovhandra Ockta

    Universitas Negeri Padang

  3. Eldawaty Eldawaty

    Universitas Negeri Padang

  4. Padli Padli

    Universitas Negeri Padang

Keywords

Physical FitnessNutritional statusSelf-ConceptLearning OutcomesPhysical Education

References

  1. Adi, S. (2023). A new vision of learning frequency in physical education subjects contributes to improved self-concept, physical fitness, and academic achievement. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 23(3), 658–664. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2023.03081
  2. Adrizal, M., Ilham, Ali, M., Bangun, S. Y., Sastradika, D., & Ockta, Y. (2024). Optimizing Physical Education Learning: Developing Local Wisdom-Based Learning Materials To Improve Students’ Learning Motivation. Journal of Education, Teaching, and Learning, 9(1), 69–73.
  3. Al Zaki, M., Umar, U., Yenes, R., Rasyid, W., Ockta, Y., & Budiwanto, A. (2023). The Impact of Regular Physical Activity on Lipid Profile and Cardiovaskular Health in Adolescents : A Literature Review. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(SpecialIssue), 213–221. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9ispecialissue.7811
  4. Amin, D. I., Wahyuri, A. S., Irawan, R., Welis, W., Gusni, F., Rahman, D., Budiwanto, A., & Ockta, Y. (2023). Dietary Adherence and Physical Activity : Unraveling the Threads Impacting Dietary Adherence and Physical Activity : Unraveling the Threads Impacting Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(December), 1363–1371. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9iSpecialIssue.7388
  5. Aoyagi, K., Ishii, K., Shibata, A., Arai, H., Fukamachi, H., & Oka, K. (2020). A qualitative investigation of the factors perceived to influence student motivation for school-based extracurricular sports participation in Japan. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25(1), 624–637. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2019.1700139
  6. Apriady, H., Fitri, M., & Ockta, Y. (2024). Trends and Developments In Physical Education For Disabilities: A Bibliometric Analysis. Journal of Education, Teaching, and Learning, 9(1), 112–119. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0969733007071355
  7. Arfi, J., Wahyuri, A. S., Gusril, Rasyid, W., & Ockta, Y. (2024). Developing Engaging Audio-Visual Learning Media For Basic Locomotor Patterns Through Play-Based Activities For Early Learners. Journal of Education, Teaching, and Learning, 9(1), 40–46.
  8. Arribalzaga, S., Viribay, A., Calleja-González, J., Fernández-Lázaro, D., Castañeda-Babarro, A., & Mielgo-Ayuso, J. (2021). Relationship of carbohydrate intake during a single-stage one-day ultra-trail race with fatigue outcomes and gastrointestinal problems: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115737
  9. Belton, S., O’Brien, W., Meegan, S., Woods, C., & Issartel, J. (2014). Youth-physical activity towards health: Evidence and background to the development of the Y-PATH physical activity intervention for adolescents. BMC Public Health, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-122
  10. Berdida, D. J. E. (2023). Resilience and academic motivation’s mediation effects in nursing students’ academic stress and self-directed learning: A multicenter cross-sectional study. Nurse Education in Practice, 69, 103639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103639
  11. Briguglio, M., Vitale, J. A., Galentino, R., Banfi, G., Dina, C. Z., Bona, A., Panzica, G., Porta, M., Dell’osso, B., & Glick, I. D. (2020). Healthy eating, physical activity, and sleep hygiene (HEPAS) as the winning triad for sustaining physical and mental health in patients at risk for or with neuropsychiatric disorders: Considerations for clinical practice. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 16, 55–70. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S229206
  12. Brunswick, N., & Bargary, S. (2022). Self-concept, creativity and developmental dyslexia in university students: Effects of age of assessment. Dyslexia, 28(3), 293–308. https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1722
  13. Chinta, I., Ihsan, N., Handayani, S. G., & Ockta, Y. (2024). The Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Vinyasa Yoga on Body Fat Reduction among Women Gym Members at G Sports Center in Padang City Department Sport Education , Universitas Negeri Padang , Indonesia ( Correspondence author ’ s email , [email protected] . Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 17(4), 1232–1238.
  14. Cho, K. H. (2022). The Current Status of Research on High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL): A Paradigm Shift from HDL Quantity to HDL Quality and HDL Functionality. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073967
  15. Dewi, R., & Verawati, I. (2022). The Effect of Manipulative Games to Improve Fundamental Motor Skills in Elementary School Students. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 10(1), 24–37. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.2163
  16. Evasari, Y., Firdaus, K., Syafruddin, S., & Efendi, H. (2023). The Influence Hand Eye Coordination and Student Learning Dicipline on the Basic Vollyball Technique Skills of Students Of SMP. JUARA : Jurnal Olahraga, 8(1), 357–364. https://doi.org/10.33222/juara.v8i1.2721
  17. Ferdian, F., Syahara, S., Tohidin, D., & Ockta, Y. (2023). Effect of Circuit Training Exercises and Set Systems on Learning Motivation Towards Discus Throw Results of Students of SMP Negeri 2 Pendalian IV Koto. Kinestetik : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani, 7(2), 265–275.
  18. Hadinata, R., Adrizal, M., Daya, W. J., Mardian, R., Ilham, M., & Ockta, Y. (2024). Developing Of Cognitive Assessment Instrumens Of High Order Thinking Skills In Small Ball Game Material. Journal of Education, Teaching, and Learning, 9(1), 101–107.
  19. Hambali, S., Hardi, V. J., Supriyanti, D., Pristiawati, A., Verianti, G., & Ockta, Y. (2024). Sport Monopoly Games: A Physical Education Learning For Physical Fitness Student. Journal of Education, Teaching, and Learning, 9(1), 29–34.
  20. Haris, F., Fauziah, V., Ockta, Y., Zarya, F., Pranoto, N. W., Rahman, D., Adrian, V., Orhan, B. E., & Karaçam, A. (2024). Observation of stunting status with the motor skills of toddler children Observación del estado de retraso en el crecimiento con las habilidades motoras de niños pequeños Introduction Indonesia faces nutritional problems that have a serious impact on huma. Retos, 2041, 103–111.
  21. Hu, D., Zhou, S., Crowley-Mchattan, Z. J., & Liu, Z. (2021). Factors that influence participation in physical activity in school-aged children and adolescents: A systematic review from the social ecological model perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063147
  22. Huang, W., Roscoe, R. D., Johnson-Glenberg, M. C., & Craig, S. D. (2021). Motivation, engagement, and performance across multiple virtual reality sessions and levels of immersion. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 37(3), 745–758. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12520
  23. Illahi, R. F., Sin, T. H., Welis, W., & Ockta, Y. (2024). Improving Elementary Students ’ Learning Motivation and Physical Fitness. Journal of Education, Teaching, and Learning, 9(2), 45–53.
  24. Illahi, R. R., Rasyid, W., Neldi, H., Padli, P., Ockta, Y., & Cahyani, F. I. (2023). The Crucial Role of Carbohydrate Intake for Female Long-Distance Runners : A Literature Review. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(SpecialIssue), 206–212. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9ispecialissue.7723
  25. Insani, K., Welis, W., Bahtra, R., Putra, A. N., Ockta, Y., Hasan, H., & Orhan, B. E. (2024). The Impact Of Training Methods And Endurance On Developing Basic Football Technical Skills In Extracurricular Football Programs. Community Practitioner, 21(05), 1103–1112. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11239182
  26. Iqbal, M., Komaini, A., Bafirman, B., Yenes, R., & ... (2024). Evaluasi kinerja pengurus cabang persatuan bolabasket seluruh indonesia dengan teknik CIPP daerah x. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian …, 10(1), 252–262. https://jurnal.iicet.org/index.php/jppi/article/view/3771%0Ahttps://jurnal.iicet.org/index.php/jppi/article/download/3771/2012
  27. Kartika, L. (2018). LatihanFisik dalam Pengelolaan Fatigue Anak yang Mengalami Kanker : Kajian Literatur. Nursing Current: Jurnal Keperawatan, 6(2), 65. https://ojs.uph.edu/index.php/NCJK/article/view/1910
  28. Kettunen, O., Mikkonen, R., Linnamo, V., Mursu, J., Kyröläinen, H., & Ihalainen, J. K. (2023). Nutritional intake and anthropometric characteristics are associated with endurance performance and markers of low energy availability in young female cross-country skiers. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2023.2226639
  29. Kim, J., & Kim, E. K. (2020). Nutritional strategies to optimize performance and recovery in rowing athletes. Nutrients, 12(6), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061685
  30. Komaini, A., Hidayat, H., Ganefri, Alnedra, Kiram, Y., Gusril, & Mario, D. T. (2021). Motor Learning Measuring Tools: A Design And Implementation Using Sensor Technology For Preschool Education. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 15(17), 177–191. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v15i17.25321
  31. Kwon, S., Tandon, P. S., O’Neill, M. E., & Becker, A. B. (2022). Cross-sectional association of light sensor-measured time outdoors with physical activity and gross motor competency among U.S. preschool-aged children: the 2012 NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13239-0
  32. Lenka, T., Beáta, R., & Radmila, H. (2021). Forms and methods of online physical education instruction in slovakia from the perspective of elementary school students. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21(3), 2028–2035. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.s3259
  33. Likardo, R., Neldi, H., Irawan, R., Rasyid, W., Rahman, D., Ockta, Y., & Cahyani, F. I. (2023). Insights into Meniscal Injuries Among Young Football Athletes: A Scoping Review. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(SpecialIssue), 198–205. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9ispecialissue.7761
  34. McClintic, E. E., Ellis, A., Ogutu, E. A., Caruso, B. A., Ventura, S. G., Arriola, K. R. J., Kowalski, A. J., Linabarger, M., Wodnik, B. K., Muga, R., Freeman, M. C., & Girard, A. W. (2022). Application of the Capabilities, Opportunities, Motivations, and Behavior (COM-B) Change Model to Formative Research for Child Nutrition in Western Kenya. Current Developments in Nutrition, 6(7), nzac104. https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac104
  35. Mergiyaw, W., Rani, S., & Deyou, M. (2018). Effect of moderate intensity aerobic exercises combined with yoga on cardiorespiratory capacity and self- concepts of Haramaya University sedentary female undergraduate students. International Journal of Yogic, Human Movement and Sport, 3(2), 6–10. www.theyogicjournal.com
  36. Metekohy, L. M., Daliman, M., Metekohy, B., & Ming, D. (2022). The impact of teaching and learning quality process to school and university education for sustainable future. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 8(1), 143. https://doi.org/10.29210/020221203
  37. Nusri, A., Prima, A., Ardi, N. F., Ockta, Y., Setiawan, Y., Orhan, B. E., Adrian, V., Medan, U. N., & Padang, U. N. (2024). Design of basic football skills test instrument for university students Diseño de instrumento de prueba de habilidades básicas de fútbol para estudiantes universitarios. Retos, 2041(59), 649–657.
  38. Ockta, Y., & Hardiansyah, S. (2023). Tingkat Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa Kelas IX Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 13 Padang Pada Saat Pandemi Covid – 19. 5(6), 126–132.
  39. Ockta, Y., Umar, U., Komaini, A., Firdaus, K., Padli, P., & Masrun, M. (2024). Walk, run, jump and learn: Interactive multimedia for teaching locomotor skills in primary schools. Research and Development in Education (RaDEn), 4(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.22219/raden.v4i1.31831
  40. Oktadinata, A., Prabowo, B. Y., Daya, W. J., Diana, F., Nugraha, U., Melinda, & Ockta, Y. (2024). Motivation and Physical Activity: Correlation Study on Extracurricular Sports of High School Students. Journal of Education, Teaching, and Learning, 9(1), 35–39.
  41. Oliveira, F. L. C., Patin, R. V., & Escrivão, M. A. M. S. (2010). Atherosclerosis prevention and treatment in children and adolescents. Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 8(4), 513–528. https://doi.org/10.1586/erc.09.170
  42. Pitnawati, Damrah, Handayani, S. G., Putra, A. N., Sasmitha, W., Nelson, S., Wulandari, I., Angelia, L., Ningsih, M. S., & Ockta, Y. (2023). Development of direct and indirect assistance approach using jigsaw method and android-based digital design method for gymnastic materials. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 23(12), 3292–3298. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2023.12376
  43. Purwaningsih, E., Sari, S. P., Sari, A. M., & Suryadi, A. (2020). The effect of stem-pjbl and discovery learning on improving students’ problem-solving skills of the impulse and momentum topic. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 9(4), 465–476. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v9i4.26432
  44. Purwanto, S., & Ockta, Y. (2024). ⁠Sports Nutrition and Gross Motor Skill Development in Youth Athletes : A Literature Review. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(8), 572–579. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i8.8991
  45. Rambe, A. Z. F., Kiram, P. Y., Arsil, Bahtra, R., & Ockta, Y. (2024). Improvement of basic soccer techniques with training methods and physical condition. Jurnal SPORTIF: Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran, 10(1), 76–89.
  46. Razouki, A., Khzami, S., Selmaoui, S., & Agorram, B. (2021). The contribution of physical and sports education to health education of Moroccan middle school students: Representations and practices of teachers. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 10(201), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp
  47. Risyanto, A., Subarjah, H., Ma’mun, A., Nuryadi, & Prabowo, I. (2024). The effect of student-centred learning approaches in physical education on positive youth development. Edu Sportivo: Indonesian Journal of Physical Education, 5(1), 10–21. https://doi.org/10.25299/esijope.2024.vol5(1).14532
  48. Russell, S., Jenkins, D., Rynne, S., Halson, S. L., & Kelly, V. (2019). What is mental fatigue in elite sport? Perceptions from athletes and staff. European Journal of Sport Science, 19(10), 1367–1376. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2019.1618397
  49. Rutten, G. M., Savelberg, H. H., Biddle, S. J. H., & Kremers, S. P. J. (2013). Interrupting long periods of sitting: Good STUFF. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10, 2–4. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-1
  50. Safitri, R., Alnedral, A., Gusril, G., Wahyuri, A. S., & Ockta, Y. (2023). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning dan Problem Based Learning dengan Self Confidence Terhadap Hasil Belajar Atletik Lari Jarak Pendek. Gelanggang Olahraga: Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Dan Olahraga (JPJO), 7(1), 20–29. https://doi.org/10.31539/jpjo.v7i1.7292
  51. Salve, R., Kher, A., Chaudhary, R., Swarnakar, K., Gaikawad, S., Uke, P., & Lakhkar, B. (2022). Health education interventional programme and its impact on adolescent students. Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health, 51(1), 69–74. https://doi.org/10.4038/sljch.v51i1.9998
  52. Sugiyono. (2018). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Pendekatan Kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R & D (27th ed.). Alfabeta.
  53. Syahrastani, Hidayat, H., Komaini, A., Gemaini, A., & Zulbahri. (2022). Smart Application for Smart Learning: How the Influence of the Factors on Student Swimming Learning Outcomes in Sports Education. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 16(17), 116–129. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v16i17.34365
  54. Triani, A. F., Gusril, G., Arsil, A., Yenes, R., Budiwanto, A., & Ockta, Y. (2023). Sudden Cardiac Death in Adolescent Athletes and the Role of Genetic Screening : A Literature Review. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(SpecialIssue), 222–230. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9ispecialissue.7810
  55. Umar, Ockta, Y., & Mardesia, P. (2023). A Correlational Study: Pedagogical and professional competence of physical education teachers in relation to the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 23(12), 3325–3331. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2023.12380
  56. V. Jonathan, P., A. Hendely, A., & A. Stephen, F. (2021). Mental Strength among MSU Athletes in Sports Performance. International Journal of Science and Management Studies (IJSMS), December, 105–115. https://doi.org/10.51386/25815946/ijsms-v4i6p112
  57. Yan, Z., Panadero, E., Wang, X., & Zhan, Y. (2023). A Systematic Review on Students’ Perceptions of Self-Assessment: Usefulness and Factors Influencing Implementation. Educational Psychology Review, 35(3), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09799-1
  58. Yuliana, F., Donie, Gusril, Arsil, & Ockta, Y. (2023). Evaluasi Implementasi Disiplin Diri Pada Siswa Smk Taruna Pekanbaru. Jurnal PAI Raden Fatah, 5(2), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.19109/pairf.v5i2
  59. Zhamardiy, V. O., Shkola, O. M., Okhrimenko, I. M., Strelchenko, O. G., Aloshyna, A. I., Opanasiuk, F. H., Griban, G. P., Yahodzinskyi, V. P., Mozolev, O. M., & Prontenko, K. V. (2020). Checking of the methodical system efficiency of fitness technologies application in students’ physical education. Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 73(2), 332–341. https://doi.org/10.36740/wlek202002125