Spiritual intelligence, piety self-regulation, and parental attitudes as predictors of achievement motivation among Indonesian university students

Jurnal Konseling dan Pendidikan September 08, 2026 Volume 14, Number 3 9 authors

Abstract

Achievement motivation is an important psychological factor underlying students’ academic engagement and success. This study examined whether spiritual intelligence, self-regulation in piety, and parental attitudes toward children significantly predict achievement motivation among Indonesian university students. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed with 280 undergraduate students from West Sumatra, DKI Jakarta, and the Special Region of Yogyakarta, selected through proportional stratified sampling. Data were collected using Likert-type instruments with good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .799–.893) and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicated that the three predictors jointly explained 92.2% of the variance in achievement motivation (F(3, 276) = 686.279, p < .001). Spiritual intelligence (β = .203), self-regulation in piety (β = .663), and parental attitudes toward children (β = .143) were positive and significant predictors (p < .001). Self-regulation in piety demonstrated the strongest predictive association. These findings suggest that achievement motivation is associated with the interplay of spiritual intelligence, value-based self-regulation, and supportive parental attitudes within the Indonesian cultural context. The findings extend achievement motivation perspectives by highlighting culturally situated internal and social-contextual resources. However, the cross-sectional self-report design limits causal interpretation, and the high explained variance should be interpreted cautiously due to potential shared variance and common-method bias.

Authors

  1. Akhmad Fajar Prasetya

    Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta, Indonesia

  2. Yuzarion Yuzarion

    Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta, Indonesia

  3. Yusutria Yusutria

    Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta, Indonesia

  4. Unggul Haryanto Nur Utomo

    Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta, Indonesia

  5. Ahmad Muhammad Diponegoro

    Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta, Indonesia

  6. Junaidi Junaidi

    Universitas AMIKOM Yogyakarta, Indonesia

  7. Alfaiz Alfaiz

    Universitas Ma'som Bandung, Indonesia

  8. Ryan Hidayat Rafiola

    Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia

  9. Hengki Yandri

    Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci, Indonesia

Keywords

Achievement motivationEducational psychologyParental attitudes toward childrenSelf-regulation in pietySpiritual intelligenceUniversity students

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