Digital banking transformation liquidity risk and profit persistence in emerging market commercial banks a systematic literature review

Abstract

Digital transformation has significantly reshaped the banking industry by integrating advanced technologies such as mobile banking, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and cloud computing into financial services and operational systems. While digital banking transformation improves efficiency, accessibility, and competitiveness, it also introduces new challenges related to financial stability, particularly liquidity risk management and the sustainability of bank profitability. This study aims to examine the relationship between digital banking transformation, liquidity risk, and profit persistence in commercial banks operating in emerging markets. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this research analyzes 40 scholarly articles obtained from major academic databases including Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. The findings indicate that digital banking technologies enhance liquidity monitoring and operational efficiency, which can indirectly support the stability of bank profitability. However, rapid digitalization may also increase liquidity volatility due to faster financial transactions. Overall, effective liquidity risk management plays a crucial role in maintaining sustainable profitability in the digital banking era.