Development of digital storytelling video media to improve students' critical thinking and communication skills on environmental change material

Jurnal Riset Tindakan Indonesia September 03, 2026 Volume 11, Number 1 4 authors

Abstract

This research is a research and development study of learning media based on Digital Storytelling (DS) on environmental change material to improve students' critical thinking and communication skills. Using the 4-D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) combined with a quasi-experimental design (quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design) with an intervention duration of 3 meetings, this study applied a purposive sampling technique involving 48 eleventh-grade students divided into an experimental group (n=24) and a control group (n=24). The results showed that the media was highly valid (97.31%) and highly practical based on teacher perception (92.11%) and student perception (92.71%). Data collection for critical thinking skills used a standardized test (α = 0.90). The effectiveness test using an independent samples t-test showed a statistically significant increase in critical thinking skills, where the experimental class achieved an average N-Gain score of 83.98% (high category) compared to the control class which only obtained 48.69% (p = 0.000). In addition, students' communication skills in the experimental group increased significantly based on the Mann-Whitney U test (p = 0.000) with a large effect size (r = 0.862). In conclusion, the Digital Storytelling video media proved to be valid, practical, and highly effective in improving students' critical thinking and communication skills on environmental change material.

Authors

  1. Natasya N

    Universitas Negeri Padang

  2. Abdul Razak

    Universitas Negeri Padang

  3. Muhyiatul Fadillah

    Universitas Negeri Padang

  4. Reki Kardiman

    Universitas Negeri Padang

Keywords

Critical thinkingCommunication skillsAnimated video mediaDigital StorytellingEnvironmental change

References

  1. Amirova, N. (2025). Traditional vs. non-traditional teaching in secondary education: A comparative analysis. Porta Universorum, 1(3), 101–109.
  2. Andreanty, V., & Harjono, H. S. (2024). Pengembangan media digital storytelling dalam pembelajaran menulis cerpen pada siswa SMA. Jurnal Onoma: Pendidikan, Bahasa dan Sastra, 10(3), 2810–2823.
  3. Asbari, M. (2024). Prinsip pembelajaran dalam Kurikulum Merdeka. Journal of Information Systems and Management, 3(2), 11–17.
  4. Ashari, F., & Wahyu, A. (2018). Pengembangan media digital storytelling dalam pembelajaran biologi SMA untuk menunjang model pembelajaran blended learning. BioEdu: Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi, 7(2), 145–152.
  5. Çetinkaya, M., & Demir, İ. (2025). Digital storytelling in science education: A systematic review. The Journal of Limitless Education and Research, 10(1), 45–62.
  6. Chan, R., Tan, M., & Verma, A. (2025). The relationship between teacher digital literacy and the use of technology in learning. International Journal of Educational Narratives, 3(1), 12–25.
  7. Dewi, Y. K., Khalid, A., & Agam, A. A. (2025). The role of critical thinking skills in enhancing problem-solving abilities among high school students. Journal of Education and Social Science, 2(1), 19–24.
  8. Ennis, R. H. (2011). Critical thinking: Reflection and perspective Part I. Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines, 26(1), 4–18. https://doi.org/10.5840/inquiryctnews20112613
  9. Fadilah, A., & Kanya, N. A. (2023). Pengertian media, tujuan, fungsi, manfaat dan urgensi media pembelajaran. Journal of Student Research, 1(2), 1–15.
  10. Fajrideani, W., & Nugroho, R. A. (2024). Pengembangan bahan ajar digital storytelling cerita rakyat untuk meningkatkan kemampuan bernalar kritis siswa di SMA. Jurnal Onoma: Pendidikan, Bahasa dan Sastra, 10(3), 3170–3187.
  11. Gitnita, S., Kamus, Z., & Gusnedi. (2018). Analisis validitas, praktikalitas, dan efektivitas pengembangan bahan ajar terintegrasi konten kecerdasan spiritual pada materi fisika tentang vektor dan gerak lurus. Pillar of Physics Education, 11(2), 153–160.
  12. Greenstein, L. (2012). Assessing 21st century skills: A guide to evaluating mastery and authentic learning. Thousand Oaks: Corwin Press.
  13. Hake, R. R. (1998). Interactive-engagement versus traditional methods: A six-thousand-student survey of mechanics test data for introductory physics courses. American Journal of Physics, 66(1), 64–74. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.18809
  14. Halimah, N. (2025). Menerapkan berpikir kritis dalam kehidupan sehari-hari: Studi kasus penanganan berita hoaks. Journal of Media and Communication, 1(3), 40–44.
  15. Hasanah, H., & Malik, A. (2020). Blended learning in improving students' critical thinking and communication skills at university. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 15(5), 1295–1306. https://doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v15i5.5168
  16. Haviz, M., Karomah, H., Delfita, R., Umar, M. I. A., & Maris, I. M. (2018). Revisiting generic science skills as 21st century skills on biology learning. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 7(3), 355–363. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v7i3.12438
  17. Kasrah, R. (2023). Communication competency: The impact of communication on student's learning activities. Journal of Communication, Religious, and Social Sciences, 1(1), 24–34.
  18. Lambert, J. (2010). Digital storytelling cookbook. Berkeley: Digital Diner Press.
  19. Miftah, M. (2013). Fungsi dan peran media pembelajaran sebagai upaya peningkatan kemampuan belajar siswa. Jurnal Kwangsan: Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 1(2), 95–105. https://doi.org/10.31800/jtpk.v1n2.p95--105
  20. Nofiasari, W., & Hutagalung, C. A. (2023). Storytelling sebagai teknik pembelajaran pengembangan karakter diri anak di Rumah Belajar Cahaya Indonesia. Jurnal Abdimas Bina Bangsa, 4(1), 392–402.
  21. Novia, F., Nurdianti, D., Purwanto, M. B., & Darussalam, P. (2024). English learning and innovation skills in 21st: Implementation of critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration. Asian Journal of Applied Education, 3(2), 113–124.
  22. Nurfadhillah, S., Ningsih, D. A., Ramadhania, P. R., & Sifa, U. N. (2021). Peranan media pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan minat belajar siswa SD Negeri Kohod III. PENA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sosial, 3(2), 243–255.
  23. Nurhanipah, N., Huda, A. N., Sari, A. S., Subarna, I. C., Hanifah, N., Saputra, R., & Kusnadi, A. (2025). Model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik. Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, 2(7), 2993–3002.
  24. Poonsawad, A., Srisomphan, J., & Sanrach, C. (2022). Synthesis of problem-based interactive digital storytelling learning model under gamification environment promotes students' problem-solving skills. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 17(5), 103–119. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v17i05.28129
  25. Pratiwi, R. (2016). Penerapan metode digital storytelling untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 1(1), 71–78.
  26. Proniaieva, V., & Fedchenko, O. (2021). Non-verbal communication in pedagogical interaction. Pedagogical Sciences: Theory, History, Innovative Technologies, 4(108), 215–224.
  27. Pursitasari, I. D., Rubini, B., & Suriansyah, M. I. (2023). Critical thinking & ecoliteracy: Kecakapan abad 21 untuk menunjang Sustainable Development Goals. Gorontalo: Ideas Publishing.
  28. Rachmawati, N., Marini, A., Nafiah, M., & Nurasiah, I. (2022). Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila dalam implementasi kurikulum prototipe di sekolah penggerak jenjang sekolah dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(3), 3613–3625. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2714
  29. Rahmaniah, N., Oktaviani, A. M., Arifin, F., Maulana, G., Triana, H., Serepinah, M., & Abustang, P. B. (2023). Berpikir kritis dan kreatif: Teori dan implementasi praktis dalam pembelajaran. Makassar: Publica Indonesia Utama.
  30. Robin, B. R. (2008). Digital storytelling: A powerful technology tool for the 21st century classroom. Theory Into Practice, 47(3), 220–228. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405840802153916
  31. Rosmlasari, A. I., Champa, R. P., & Pratiwi, A. S. (2025). Metode digital storytelling dalam pengajaran sastra Arab di era pendidikan 4.0. Jurnal Dirgantara Pendidikan, 1(1), 39–46.
  32. Saripudin, D., Komalasari, K., & Anggraini, D. N. (2021). Value-based digital storytelling learning media to foster student character. International Journal of Instruction, 14(2), 369–384. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14221a
  33. Selviani, I. (2019). Pengembangan modul biologi Problem Based Learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik SMA. IJIS Edu: Indonesian Journal of Integrated Science Education, 1(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.29300/ijisedu.v1i2.2032
  34. Sirajuddin, M., Murniviyanti, L., & Irawan, D. B. (2025). Pengembangan media digital storytelling pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia SDN 158 Palembang. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 12(1), 55–68.
  35. Tallat, R., Hawbani, A., Wang, X., Al-Dubai, A., Zhao, L., Liu, Z., & Min, G. (2024). Navigating Industry 5.0: A survey of key enabling technologies, trends, challenges, and opportunities. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 26(3), 1–48.
  36. Tarigan, F. N., Hasibuan, S. A., & Medan, K. (2023). Pengembangan digital storytelling berbasis Artificial Intelligence untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi dan critical thinking mahasiswa. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 4(2), 485–491.
  37. Thiagarajan, S. (1974). Instructional development for training teachers of exceptional children: A sourcebook. Bloomington: Center for Innovation in Teaching the Handicapped, Indiana University.
  38. Ugap, C., Yahaya, W. A. W., Balakrishnan, B., Ekram, M., Hafis, A., Tochinai, F., & Nasir, S. (2025). Tech-infused narrative: A systematic review of digital storytelling in education. Journal of Advanced Research Design Journal, 1(1), 1–16.
  39. Wahyuni, E. S., & Yokhebed, Y. (2019). Deskripsi media pembelajaran yang digunakan guru biologi SMA Negeri di Kota Pontianak. Jurnal Pendidikan Informatika dan Sains, 8(1), 32–43. https://doi.org/10.31571/saintek.v8i1.1105