Effects of power and hand–eye coordination on volleyball smash accuracy of vocational students

Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia December 30, 2025 Volume 11, Number 4 4 authors

Abstract

This study aims investigated the effects of arm muscle power, leg muscle power, and hand–eye coordination on smash accuracy among male volleyball players at SMK Negeri 2 Kerinci. The research employed a quantitative design using path analysis to examine direct, indirect, and simultaneous relationships among variables. The population consisted of 30 male volleyball athletes, with total sampling applied. Arm muscle power was measured using the one-hand medicine ball put test, leg muscle power using the vertical jump test, hand–eye coordination using the ball werfen und fangen test, and smash accuracy through a standardized smash accuracy test. Data were analyzed using path analysis at a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed that arm muscle power, leg muscle power, and hand–eye coordination each had significant direct effects on smash accuracy, with hand–eye coordination contributing the strongest influence. In addition, arm and leg muscle power exerted significant indirect effects on smash accuracy through hand–eye coordination. Simultaneously, all variables explained a substantial proportion of variance in smash accuracy. These findings highlight the importance of integrating physical power and coordination training in volleyball instruction at the school level.

Authors

  1. Wangi Daratista

    Universitas Negeri Padang

  2. Gusril Gusril

    Universitas Negeri Padang

  3. Muhamad Sazeli Rifki

    Universitas Negeri Padang

  4. Yuni Astuti

    Universitas Negeri Padang

Keywords

References

  1. No references are available for this article.